Virtual Private Network (VPN)

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a cybersecurity technology that creates a secure, encrypted connection over a public network such as the internet. It works by establishing a protected tunnel between the user's device and a remote server, encrypting all transmitted data and masking the user's real IP address and geographic location. This prevents unauthorized parties — including hackers, internet service providers, and surveillance entities — from intercepting or monitoring online activity.

VPNs are widely used by both individuals and organizations to protect sensitive data, enable secure remote access to private network resources, and maintain confidentiality when connected to untrusted networks like public Wi-Fi hotspots. By extending the security of a private network across the public internet, VPNs serve as a fundamental layer of defense in modern cybersecurity frameworks, safeguarding data integrity, user privacy, and digital identity against a broad range of cyber threats.